Thiel-Backed Chip Startup Is Seeking to Crack ASML Dominance (1)

Oct. 28, 2025, 4:41 PM UTC

A secretive American startup has emerged with aspirations to challenge two titans of the semiconductor industry: ASML Holding NV and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co.

The company, Substrate, has developed a new chipmaking machine that uses particle acceleration to handle lithography — the crucial process of etching microscopic circuitry onto silicon wafers. Claiming to have solved one of technology’s toughest problems, Substrate aims to compete with ASML, whose equipment is currently the only option for making advanced processors.

James Proud, Substrate co-founder and CEO
Source: Substrate

Substrate faces long odds in trying to upend the way chips are made. ASML’s technology took decades and billions of dollars to ...

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